【New words and expressions】（8）
polo   n. 水球
Wayle   n. 威尔（河名）
cut   v. 穿过
row   v. 划（船）
kick   v. 踢
towards   prep. 朝，向
nearly   adv. 几乎
sight   n. 眼界，视域

★cut     v. 穿过
① vt. &vi. 切，割，剪
Would you please cut the cake in half?
I read this story in the paper this morning and cut it out for you.
今天上午我在报纸上读到这个故事便给你剪下来了。
cut one's hair = have a hair cut     理发
cut the tree   砍树
cut down the tree = cut the tree down    砍倒树
cut the head off    砍脑袋 (off = away from)
cut off electricity     切断电源
cut sth. into pieces     把……切成小片(碎)
② vt. 割破，划破
cut oneself     割伤自己
③ vi. 横穿，穿越（介词用across/through）
cut across/through     直着穿过
  The road cuts across/through the forest.
cut a corner     走捷径，超近路
When you learn English, never cut a corner.
No pains, no gains.

★row     v. 划(船)
① vt.& vi. 划船
My brother is rowing.    划船 （row强调动作）
go boating    去划船（强调玩）
② vt. 划船载运
Can you row me up/across the river?     你能划船将我送到河的上游/对岸吗？
He rowed her home.    他划船把她送回家。
★kick     v. 踢
kick me     踢我一脚
kickback    n. 回扣, 佣金
I get a kickback of 2000 Yuan.
kick upstairs     明升暗降
He was kicked upstairs.
well to go (美语) = well done (英语)   做得不错

★sight     n. 眼界, 视域
catch sight of…     看见
catch sight of the bird =see the bird  看见那只鸟
out of sight    在视线之外
Out of sight, out of mind.      眼不见心不烦
in sight     在视线之内
The bird is in sight.
long sighted     眼光长远, 远视眼
sb. is long sighted
short sighted    目光短浅, 近视

【Text】
The Wayle is a small river that cuts across the park near my home. I like sitting by the Wayle on fine afternoons. It was warm last Sunday, so I went and sat on the river bank as usual. Some children were playing games on the bank and there were some people rowing on the river. Suddenly, one of the children kicked a ball very hard and it went towards a passing boat. Some people on the bank called out to the man in the boat, but he did not hear them. The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water. I turned to look at the children, but there weren't any in sight: they had all run away! The man laughed when he realized what had happened. He called out to the children and threw the ball back to the bank.

参考译文
威尔河是横穿过我家附近公园的一条小河. 我喜欢在天气晴朗的下午到河边坐坐. 上星期日天气很暖和. 于是我和往常一样, 又去河边坐着. 河岸上有些孩子正在玩耍, 河面上有些人正在划船. 突然, 一个孩子狠狠地踢了一脚球, 球便向着一只划过来的小船飞去. 岸上的一些人对着小船上的人高喊, 但他没有听见. 球重重地打在他身上, 使他差点儿落入水中. 我转过头去看那些孩子, 但一个也不见, 全都跑了!当那个人明白了发生的事情时, 笑了起来. 他大声叫着那些孩子, 把球扔回到岸上.

【课文讲解】
1、I like sitting by the Wayle on fine afternoons.
like to do sth.     喜欢……（一次性的）
I like to drink tea.
like doing sth.    喜欢……（习惯性的）
I like drinking water.
on afternoons   餐 每逢下午

2、It was warm last Sunday, so I went and sat on the river bank as usual.
as usual     和往常一样
3、Some people on the bank called out to the man in the boat, but he did not hear them.
call out     大声呼叫，叫喊
  I heard someone calling out for help.
call out to sb.    对……大声喊
  Mary called out to her father, but he was too far away and couldn’t hear her.

4、The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water.
so…that…      如此……以致于…… (that 引导的结果状语从句)
The teacher speaks so fast that I can't catch the word.
My brother walks so slowly that he can't catch up with me. (赶不上)
The English is so easy that I can learn it well.
so的后面跟副词或形容词, 如后跟名词时要用such +n. +that…

5、I turned to look at the children, but there weren't any in sight: they had all run away!
in sight      看得见，在视野之内（反义词为out of sight）
There were not anything in sight.
No bus is in sight.
In the afternoon, we came in sight of the village.

【Composition】
The wind(threw)(blew)his hat into the river. He(put)(took)out his hand (and) (but)tried to (reach)(catch)it(so)(but) he could not(so) (but) he(jumped) (fell) into the river(and)(but) got it.
blew 吹 ，take out 拿出（put out 扑灭）， and，reach够得着（catch 接住 抓住）， but，so，jump 自己跳 (fall 掉进去)，and

【Summary writing 】
4.The man in the boat neither saw the ball nor heard people shouting.
6.However,the man was not angry and he threw the ball back to the bank.
but连接两个句子, 中间可用逗号隔开；however只是副词, 只表示意思上得转折, 它可以放在句首也可以放在句中, 只是用一个逗号把它和其他的词隔开就可以

【Key structures】　
The, Some and Any
some不用于否定句，any通常用于否定句和疑问句，some在表示邀请的语气中或在疑问句中如果所期望的回答是肯定的，可以取代any
Do you want some? / Would you want something?
Do you want any drink?      你想要喝点什么吗?(不愿意给别人喝)
Would you want some to drink?
在姓名、地名、国名（非复合词）前面通常不加任何冠词。但在特指的海洋、河流、山脉以及部分复合词形式的国名前，一定要用定冠词the；在表示世界上独一无二的东西时，通常要加定冠词the.
It can get very rough in the Mediterranean. 地中海中可能会非常不平静.
Many great cities are built on rivers. Paris is on the Seine, London is on the Thames and Rome is on the Tiber.
许多大城市都建在河岸上. 巴黎在塞纳河上, 伦敦在泰晤士河上, 罗马在第伯尔河上.
I know a man who has been on climbing expeditions in many parts of the world. He has climbed in the Alps, the Himalayas, and the Rocky Mountains.
我认识一个参加过世界各地登山探险的人. 他曾攀登过阿尔卑斯山、喜马拉雅山和洛矶山.
在such后面用a/an，可以起强调作用
  I’ve never seen such a strong wind before.

Exercises D (在必要的地方填上冠词a或the)
1  ______ refrigerators are necessary in ______ hot countries.
2  Which river is ______ longest, ______ Nile, ______ Amazon, or ______ Mississippi?
3  Heyerdahl crossed ______ Pacific on ______ raft.
4  Why is ______ Britain sometimes called ______ United Kingdom?
5  We sailed up ______ Red Sea and then went through ______ Suez Canal.

1.不填
in hot countries: 指的是炎热的那类国家, 故不用 the
2. the，the，the，the
Nile 尼罗河 ； Amazon 亚马逊河 ； Missisippi 密西西比河
3.the，a
the Atlantic 大西洋
raft     n. 木筏子（如用by，则不用加任何修饰by raft，用“on，in”一般都要加“the，a/an”，这里指的是这一类，没特指，故加“a”）
4. \，the
如果以单个的词作为国家, 基本上不加the,比方说China,America,Britain,一旦这个词成为缩略形式, 前面就要加the，如：the USA
5.the，the
横渡海峡用“across”；和运河相连介词用through，不用 “across”

【Multiple choice questions】
4. It cuts across the park. It goes ___a___ it.
a. through    b. over    c. round    d. along
round   围绕 ；along    沿着
across    从……的表面穿过
across the grass
through     从……的内部穿过
go through the market     穿过市场
over      在……上方，与下面没接触，over 在用于穿越讲时，表示穿过弧形
over the bridge, over the mountains, over the hill

7. There weren't any in sight. They ___c___ .
a. couldn't see   b. hadn't seen  c. couldn't be seen   d. weren't seen
see 为及物动词, 一般后面一定要加宾语；look 为不及物动词

10  The man in the boat didn't ___a___ anyone shouting.
a. hear    b. listen to    c. mind    d. take care of
hear sb. doing sth.       听见某人正在做某事
I heard my sister singing.