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虚拟语气误用辨析

[日期:2008-01-31] 来源:  作者: [字体: ]

1.中文:我要是你,我不会那么做。

  ()I shouldn't do that if I was you.

  ()I shouldn't do that if I were you.(表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气不能用was,只能用were。)

 

2.中文:要是我父亲现在这里,他会告诉我该做什么。

  ()If my father were here now, he will tell me what to do.

  ()If my father were here now, he would tell me what to do.(表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气中,主句的助动词只能用wouldmight等过去时。)

 

3.中文:要是我知道她的电话号码,我就会给她打电话了。

  ()If I knew her telephone number, I would have called her.

  ()If I had known her telephone number, I would have called her.(表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中,条件从句的动词要用过去完成时。)

 

4.中文:要是昨天没下雨她也许会来。

  ()If it had not rained yesterday, he might come.

  ()If it had not rained yesterday, he might have come.(表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中,主句的动词要用助动词的过去时mightcould等+HAVE+过去分词。)

 

5.中文:我不认为我会失败,但要是我失败了,我会再努力。

  ()I don't think that I shall fail. But if I failed, I would try again.

  ()I don't think that I shall fail. But if I should fail, I would try again.(表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气中,条件从句的动词用should加原形动词。)

 

6.中文:他要是带了钱就会买它。

  ()Did he bring some money with him, he would have bought it.

  ()Had he brought some money with him, he would have bought it.(表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中,条件从句的动词要用过去完成时,若省略if,则用倒装形式。)

 

7.中文:她要是个男人可能会当选总统。

  ()Be she a man, she might be elected president.

  ()Were she a man, she might be elected president.(表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,不能用was,只能用were;若省略if,则将were放在句首。)

 

8.中文:我提议提高教师的薪资。

  ()I suggested that the teachers' wages could be increased.

  ()I suggested that the teachers' wages should be increased.suggest当建议讲时,后面的名词从句的主要动词要用should加原形动词,should可以省略。)

 

9.中文:他这么做是重要的。

  ()It is important that he will do it.

  ()It is important that he do it.It is importantthat引导的名词从句的动词要用should加原形动词,should可以省略。)



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